解答
sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377
解答
θ=2.66345…+2πn,θ=0.87293…+2πn
+1
度数
θ=152.60452…∘+360∘n,θ=50.01533…∘+360∘n求解步骤
sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377
两边加上 0.2cos(θ)sin(θ)=0.6377+0.2cos(θ)
两边进行平方sin2(θ)=(0.6377+0.2cos(θ))2
两边减去 (0.6377+0.2cos(θ))2sin2(θ)−0.40666129−0.25508cos(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)=0
使用三角恒等式改写
−0.40666129+sin2(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)
使用毕达哥拉斯恒等式: cos2(x)+sin2(x)=1sin2(x)=1−cos2(x)=−0.40666129+1−cos2(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)
化简 −0.40666129+1−cos2(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ):−1.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)+0.59333871
−0.40666129+1−cos2(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)
同类项相加:−cos2(θ)−0.04cos2(θ)=−1.04cos2(θ)=−0.40666129+1−1.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)
数字相加/相减:−0.40666129+1=0.59333871=−1.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)+0.59333871
=−1.04cos2(θ)−0.25508cos(θ)+0.59333871
0.59333871−0.25508cos(θ)−1.04cos2(θ)=0
用替代法求解
0.59333871−0.25508cos(θ)−1.04cos2(θ)=0
令:cos(θ)=u0.59333871−0.25508u−1.04u2=0
0.59333871−0.25508u−1.04u2=0:u=−2.080.25508+2.53335484,u=2.082.53335484−0.25508
0.59333871−0.25508u−1.04u2=0
改写成标准形式 ax2+bx+c=0−1.04u2−0.25508u+0.59333871=0
使用求根公式求解
−1.04u2−0.25508u+0.59333871=0
二次方程求根公式:
若 a=−1.04,b=−0.25508,c=0.59333871u1,2=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)±(−0.25508)2−4(−1.04)⋅0.59333871
u1,2=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)±(−0.25508)2−4(−1.04)⋅0.59333871
(−0.25508)2−4(−1.04)⋅0.59333871=2.53335484
(−0.25508)2−4(−1.04)⋅0.59333871
使用法则 −(−a)=a=(−0.25508)2+4⋅1.04⋅0.59333871
使用指数法则: (−a)n=an,若 n 是偶数(−0.25508)2=0.255082=0.255082+4⋅0.59333871⋅1.04
数字相乘:4⋅1.04⋅0.59333871=2.46828…=0.255082+2.46828…
0.255082=0.0650658064=0.0650658064+2.46828…
数字相加:0.0650658064+2.46828…=2.53335484=2.53335484
u1,2=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)±2.53335484
将解分隔开u1=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)+2.53335484,u2=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)−2.53335484
u=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)+2.53335484:−2.080.25508+2.53335484
2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)+2.53335484
去除括号: (−a)=−a,−(−a)=a=−2⋅1.040.25508+2.53335484
数字相乘:2⋅1.04=2.08=−2.080.25508+2.53335484
使用分式法则: −ba=−ba=−2.080.25508+2.53335484
u=2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)−2.53335484:2.082.53335484−0.25508
2(−1.04)−(−0.25508)−2.53335484
去除括号: (−a)=−a,−(−a)=a=−2⋅1.040.25508−2.53335484
数字相乘:2⋅1.04=2.08=−2.080.25508−2.53335484
使用分式法则: −b−a=ba0.25508−2.53335484=−(2.53335484−0.25508)=2.082.53335484−0.25508
二次方程组的解是:u=−2.080.25508+2.53335484,u=2.082.53335484−0.25508
u=cos(θ)代回cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484,cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508
cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484,cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508
cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484:θ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn
cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484
使用反三角函数性质
cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484
cos(θ)=−2.080.25508+2.53335484的通解cos(x)=−a⇒x=arccos(−a)+2πn,x=−arccos(−a)+2πnθ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn
θ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn
cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508:θ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn,θ=2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508
使用反三角函数性质
cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508
cos(θ)=2.082.53335484−0.25508的通解cos(x)=a⇒x=arccos(a)+2πn,x=2π−arccos(a)+2πnθ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn,θ=2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
θ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn,θ=2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
合并所有解θ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn,θ=2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
将解代入原方程进行验证
将它们代入 sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377检验解是否符合
去除与方程不符的解。
检验 arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn的解:真
arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn
代入 n=1arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1
对于 sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377代入θ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1sin(arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1)−0.2cos(arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1)=0.6377
整理后得0.6377=0.6377
⇒真
检验 −arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn的解:假
−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn
代入 n=1−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1
对于 sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377代入θ=−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1sin(−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1)−0.2cos(−arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2π1)=0.6377
整理后得−0.28255…=0.6377
⇒假
检验 arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn的解:真
arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
代入 n=1arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1
对于 sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377代入θ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1sin(arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1)−0.2cos(arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1)=0.6377
整理后得0.6377=0.6377
⇒真
检验 2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn的解:假
2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
代入 n=12π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1
对于 sin(θ)−0.2cos(θ)=0.6377代入θ=2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1sin(2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1)−0.2cos(2π−arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2π1)=0.6377
整理后得−0.89473…=0.6377
⇒假
θ=arccos(−2.080.25508+2.53335484)+2πn,θ=arccos(2.082.53335484−0.25508)+2πn
以小数形式表示解θ=2.66345…+2πn,θ=0.87293…+2πn