integral of (x-3)/(x^3-x)

Lösung

\int \frac{x - 3}{x ^{3} - x} d x

- 2 ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ + 3 ln ∣ x ∣ + C

Schritte zur Lösung

\int \frac{x - 3}{x ^{3} - x} d x

Multipliziere aus

\frac{x - 3}{x ^{3} - x} : \frac{x}{x ^{3} - x} - \frac{3}{x ^{3} - x}

Wende die Summenregel an:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= \int \frac{x}{x ^{3} - x} d x - \int \frac{3}{x ^{3} - x} d x

\int \frac{x}{x ^{3} - x} d x = - \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣

\int \frac{3}{x ^{3} - x} d x = 3 (- ln ∣ x ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣)

= - \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ - 3 (- ln ∣ x ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣)

Vereinfache

- \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ - 3 (- ln ∣ x ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ + \frac{1}{2} ln ∣ x - 1 ∣) : - 2 ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ + 3 ln ∣ x ∣

= - 2 ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ + 3 ln ∣ x ∣

Füge eine Konstante zur Lösung hinzu

= - 2 ln ∣ x + 1 ∣ - ln ∣ x - 1 ∣ + 3 ln ∣ x ∣ + C

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